ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In the USA and Europe, alectinib was approved as a first-line treatment for patients with ALK-positive NSCLC on the basis of data from the global randomized phase 3 ALEX study (NCT02075840), which compared the efficacy and safety of alectinib at 600 mg versus crizotinib at 250 mg, twice daily, in treatment-naïve patients with advanced ALK-positive NSCLC.8