HIF1A and cancer: HIF-1α can function as an enhancer of Beclin1-VPS34 autophagolysosome formation, via activation of E1B-nineteen kilodalton interacting protein (BNIP3), thus promoting unfolded protein response (UPR) in cancer cells as well as in immune cells (Azad and Gibson, 2010; Monaci et al., 2022; Chipurupalli et al., 2019; Díaz-Bulnes et al., 2019).