TNF and breast carcinoma: For the enrichment within hallmark terms, results derived from MSig database, as displayed in Fig. 6E, showed significance for terms including epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), a characteristic hallmark of breast cancer, but also interestingly, of OA pathogenesis and diabetic complications such as diabetic kidney disease,TNF-alpha signalling via NFKB, apoptosis and inflammatory response.