TNF and breast carcinoma: The KEGG pathway analysis, as depicted in Fig. 8D, revealed enriched terms such as chemical carcinogenesis, choline metabolism in cancer, estrogen signalling, AGE/RAGE signalling, lipid and atherosclerosis, central carbon metabolism in cancer, HIF1 signalling, adipocytokine signalling pathway, mitophagy, and various terms related to cancer types, particularly including breast cancer, and immune signalling pathways including TNF signalling and B cell and T cell pathways, amongst others, with proteoglycans in cancer being the most significant.