Growth hormone has been produced using recombinant DNA technologies since the mid-1980s, and indications for the use of growth hormone in Canada include paediatric growth hormone deficiency (1987), chronic renal insufficiency pre-transplant (1996), adult growth hormone deficiency (1997), Turner syndrome (1997), idiopathic short stature (2006), SHOX haploinsufficiency (2018), Prader-Willi syndrome (2020) and Noonan syndrome (2021). The gene discussed is GH1; the disease is chronic kidney disease.