Pelargonic acid vanillylamide (PAVA) alleviates NAFLD by exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects and improving insulin resistance mediated by the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway (Wikan et al., 2023). The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.