The results of LM qPCR are illustrated in Fig. 2C and D. Compared with the NBW-C group, the IUGR-C group showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) levels of SREBP1C, FATP1, and FABP3, and significantly lower (P < 0.05) levels of PPARγ, SIRT1, PGC1α, NRF1, ERRα, TFAM, AMPK, NDUFA, COX, ATP5, and CytC. In contrast, the IUGR-D group exhibited higher (P < 0.05) levels of PPARγ, SIRT1, PGC1α, ERRα, TFAM, AMPK, NDUFA, and COX compared to the IUGR-C group. Here, TFAM is linked to fetal growth restriction.