Probiotics decreased plasma levels of zonulin, claudin-3, and CAF22, and improved HGS, gait speed, and SPPB scores. They also lowered plasma levels of C-reactive proteins and 8-isoprostane, which are markers of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Correlation analysis showed varying degrees of association between plasma biomarkers and sarcopenia indices. Although there was a statistical trend, a reduction in the prevalence of sarcopenia was not observed in the probiotic group. This evidence concerns the gene CLDN3 and sarcopenia.