TNF and periodontitis: Thereafter, the supernatant was collected and measured for a panel of inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin 1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐18, Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α) and Metallopeptidase 8 (MMP‐8) that are all associated with periodontitis (Figure 6A–B).[46] Supernatant collected without LPS treatment was used as a control.