TLR4 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: Studies conducted on various animal models have shown that extracts from cranberry and other plants of the Vaccinium genus can significantly reduce levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 and modulate signaling pathways, including NF-κB and TLR4 (Figure 2), which are key in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and NASH.