Such an association was found, for example, between the CLEC7A gene, coding for dectin-1 and an abundance of Malassezia sympodialis, Aspergillus, and Candida in UC; between the CARD9 gene and an abundance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae; and between the TLR1 gene (coding for toll-like receptor 1) and Malassezia sympodialis in IBD [35]. This evidence concerns the gene TLR1 and inflammatory bowel disease.