Also, 229 downregulated genes, including pancreatic lipase (PNLIP, -658.36-fold), carboxyl ester lipase (CEL, -476.60-fold), carboxypeptidase B1 (CPB1, -257.26-fold), chymotrypsin-like (CTRL, -214.25-fold), pancreatic lipase-related protein 1 (PNLIPRP1, -205.18-fold), and regenerating islet-derived 1 (REG1, -187.41-fold) were downregulated in C3 deficiency-induced constipation (Table 4 and Supplementary Table S2). Here, C3 is linked to hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4.