CTLA4 and melanoma: The approval was based on the results of pivotal trials in which anti-PD-1 monotherapy achieved an objective response rate (ORR) of approximately 35 to 42% and a 7-year OS of 37.8%, demonstrating superiority over chemotherapy (ChT) and anti-CTLA-4 as first-line treatment in patients with advanced melanoma [4,5].