Furthermore, gene expression for SIRT1, keap1, Nrf2, and HO-1 showed a significantly marked reduction in their expression in the ADHD mice group if compared with the control group, and there is a significantly marked restoration of expression levels in the HSP-25 treated mice group with a level of expression approaching that of the control group. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.