AIFM2 and cancer: If 4-HNE reflects the accumulation of lipid peroxide, based on the positive effect of GPX4 expression on cell proliferation and the negative effect on apoptosis induction, the inhibitory effect of lipid peroxidation by GPX4 and FSP1 may positively affect cancer cell proliferation and survival, leading to poor prognosis by promoting disease progression and acquiring resistance to chemotherapy.