BECN1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: For example, Liu et al. [45] showed that afatinib treatment induced autophagy in the FaDu, HN6, and CAL-27 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines, as evidenced by LC3II accumulation and foci formation, p62/SQSTM1 degradation, and increased Beclin 1 expression [45].