AOM/DSS-treated VDUP1 KO mice exhibited a significant early enhancement in the disease activity index (p < 0.0001; Figure 2D), which is a cumulative score based on body weight loss (Figure S1A), rectal bleeding (Figure S1B), and stool consistency (Figure S1C), throughout each DSS cycle compared with similarly treated WT mice (p < 0.0001; Figure 2D). Here, TXNIP is linked to infectious otitis media.