Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies, have demonstrated robust antitumor activity in malignancies such as urothelial carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and Hodgkin lymphoma and are widely used in clinical practice [8]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.