FOXO1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In conclusion, a GABA-rich adzuki bean diet reduced the hepatic pathological state induced by HDF + STZ in T2DM mice, promoted glycogen synthesis in the liver of T2DM mice, inhibited the activities of gluconeogenesis rate-limiting enzymes PEPCK and G-6-Pase in the liver tissue, and significantly down-regulated the gene expression levels of PEPCK, G6PC and FOXO1, which are downstream factors of the insulin pathway.