IARS1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In conclusion, a GABA-rich adzuki bean diet can regulate the glucose metabolism of the T2DM mice liver through the IRS/PI3K/AKT-GSK, 3β,IRS/PI3K/AKT-FOXO1-PEPCK/G-6-Pase, and IRS/PI3K/AKT-AMPK α/SREBP1c pathways and has demonstrated potential in balancing blood glucose at liver tissue targets effectively.