VDR and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: It has been shown to modulate the activity of key immune cells such as T cells, B cells, and macrophages. Previous studies have suggested that VDR may play a role in the development and progression of different cancers; however, more research is needed to fully comprehend its implications [3]. In cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, VDR may influence the tumor microenvironment and the immune response against cancer cells [4,5].