Table 2 shows the significant MR analysis results in the discovery sample. However, there was no causal relationship between AIP and DIP, and GBS had a protein level pleiotropy test less than 0.05, thus it was excluded. As shown in Figure 2, elevated levels of 7 proteins (SEM4C, IL_23_R, prothrombin, CBS, Microglobulin, MATN4, COLEC12) were associated with an increased risk of PN (odds ratio (OR) range from 0.61 to 2.56). Here, COLEC12 is linked to autoimmune pancreatitis.