TGFB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: This finding underlies the rationale for the development of AZD5851, a GPC3 CAR-T “armored” with dominant-negative TGFβRII, which binds to TGFβ but does not result in CAR-T cell inhibition, in a multicenter phase I/II study evaluating the use of AZD5851 in patients with GPC3+ advanced or recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (NCT06084884).