Finally, the pDCs now resident in the pancreas and costimulated by CXCR3+ T cells as well as TLR7/9 ligands become the enduring source of IFN-α that reinitiates a T cell–CCL25-pDC–IFN-α loop capable of sustaining AIP/IgG4-RD. The gene discussed is CCL25; the disease is autoimmune pancreatitis.