Studies indicate that excessive ROS production, causing oxidative stress, plays a key role in triggering the NLRP3 inflammasome, which is associated with various neurological disorders, such as depression (Zhong et al., 2018; Han et al., 2021; Tao et al., 2021; Gu et al., 2022). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is major depressive disorder.