BAX and Alzheimer disease: To further investigate the molecular mechanism of apoptosis caused by OVX, we examined the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax, and we found that the expression of the above two proteins was dysregulated in the brains of 10-month-old 3 × Tg-AD+OVX mice, which was consistent with previous studies (Sharma and Mehra, 2008; Sales et al., 2010), In addition, we found rupture and apoptosis in the endoplasmic reticulum in the brain of 3 × Tg-AD+OVX mice, suggesting that estrogen regulation of apoptosis is multifaceted (Meng et al., 2023).