Interestingly, the cell-based immunoprecipitation (IP) analysis showed a competition between pGSN and oncogenic tenascin-C (TNC) protein for binding to αvβ3 integrin, indicating that decreased pGSN expression leads to the promotion of oncogenic signaling transduction and the activation of cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF), which is validated in our in-house cohort of ESCC patients. The gene discussed is TNC; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.