Likewise, patients with IBD demonstrated comparable T cell polyfunctionality to healthy controls in both CD4 and CD8 T cells (CD4 PFS 0.40 vs. 0.37 and CD8 PFS 0.11 vs. 0.10, Fig. 3d and e) (estimated regression coefficients are summarised in Supplementary Table S1, Appendix p2). This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and inflammatory bowel disease.