CXCR4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: For instance, nanoparticles with CXCR4 chemokine receptor-targeting peptide, CTCE, and loaded with p53 mRNAs (CTCE-p53 NPs) showed active targeting of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4)-expressing RIL-175 murine hepatocellular carcinoma cells.