AR and cancer: Androgens bind to AR and activated the PI3K/Akt pathway, which regulated the cyclin-D and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathways, promoting cancer progression.216 Study indicated that male glioblastoma patients had a higher incidence rate and a worse prognosis than female patients, which could be due to men having significantly higher androgen concentrations than women, and the activation of androgen receptors in glioblastoma cells promoted cell apoptosis imbalance.217 Yu et al. discovered that the AR was widely expressed in glioblastoma.