Compared to males, the mutated X allele overall expression was inhibited in female cancers, leading to a higher p53 mutations risk in male cancers.227,228 Furthermore, the loss of Y chromosome in male cells has been connected with some cancers development, including lung cancer, glioblastoma and renal tumors.229–231 Mutated p53 caused a decrease in mitochondrial number and ATP production, as well as promoted oxidative stress and sustained DNA damage, thereby accelerating cancer occurrence. Here, TP53 is linked to cancer.