TARDBP and neurodegenerative disease: For instance, protein inclusions containing TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) are a pathological hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases, including the majority of ALS cases and significant subsets of FTD and AD cases (Neumann et al., 2006; Cairns et al., 2007; Lagier-Tourenne et al., 2010).