SNCA and Parkinson disease: Other potential biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of MSA from PD and other atypical parkinsonian syndromes include MIBG scintigraphy for assessment of cardiac sympathetic denervation, MRI imaging for atrophy patterns and with more recent advancements the investigation of skin biopsies to detect alpha-synuclein deposits and novel seeding aggregation assays for α-synuclein in CSF [6, 36, 37].