Blocking CTLA‐4, TIM‐3, and PD‐1, or their ligands PD‐L1/PD‐L2, either alone or in combination with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) or chemotherapy agents, has been tested or is currently being tested in refractory/relapsed AML patients and those who have entered the remission phase but are at high risk of relapse. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.