For instance, neddylating enzymes and deneddylasesinfluence survival and proliferation of some cancer cells, makingthese enzymes validated targets for cancer treatments.1,3−6 The ratio of free Nedd8 to free ubiquitin must also be in balance,because when the concentration of free Nedd8 exceeds that of freeubiquitin or when cells experience extreme stress, ubiquitin ligasesincorporate Nedd8 in place of ubiquitin.7 This can disrupt ubiquitin-mediated signaling but may also helpcells cope with proteotoxic stress.8 This evidence concerns the gene NEDD8 and cancer.