Importantly, LYVE1, REG1A, TFF1 in urine,37 apolipoprotein-AII (APOAII) isoforms (especially APOAII-2),38 tenascin C isoform (TNC- FNIII-B),39 POSTN, and APOL1 LUM40 exhibited good diagnostic performance, and overexpressed galectin-1 (LGALS1) in cancer-associated fibroblasts are promising to predict higher metastatic risk and poorer prognosis of PDAC.41 This evidence concerns the gene APOA2 and cancer.