CXCR4 and acute myeloid leukemia: In preclinical models with human AML xenografts, AMD3100, a clinically available inhibitor of CXCR4 known by the trade name Plerixafor, combined with chemotherapy demonstrated chemosensitizing effects supporting a role for the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis as a mediator of stromal-dependent chemo-resistance [18, 19].