BDNF and depressive symptom measurement: Studies suggest that ZZHP effectively reverses the decrease of monoamine neurotransmitters in the hippocampus, maintains their homeostasis, activates the BDNF/TrkB/CREB pathway, protects neuronal synaptic plasticity, promotes hippocampal neurogenesis, and alleviates depression-like symptoms in mice caused by CUMS (Ye et al., 2024).