Furthermore, activation of AMPK under metabolic stress can lead to upregulated expression of butyrate 2A1 and 3A1, while Vγ9Vδ2 T cells exhibit cytotoxicity against target tumor cells by recognizing the phosphorylated antigen-induced BTN2A1-BTN3A1 complex (17–19). Here, BTN2A1 is linked to neoplasm.