Taken together, we identified 10 major fibroblast subtypes in normal mucosa and tumor sample (Fig. 3A and B), including POSTN+ fibroblast (n = 5304), LOX+ Fibroblast (n = 1226), HP+ fibroblast (n = 1172), SFRP2+ fibroblast (n = 787), unspecific fibroblast (compared to other clusters, no specific marker genes, n = 852), CCL5+ iCAF (n = 596), CCL11+ iCAF (n = 383), TFF1+ iCAF (n = 376), CCL3+ iCAF (n = 269) and MZB1+ iCAF(n = 259). Here, TFF1 is linked to neoplasm.