MMP16 and glioma: The top altered canonical pathway was “inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases”, with increased expression of metalloproteinases (MMP) MMP-2 and MMP-16 as well as decreased expression of tissue inhibitor MMP-3 (TIMP-3), followed by: “colorectal cancer metastasis signaling”, “glioma invasiveness signaling”, and “bladder cancer signaling.” Together, these results suggest that Sh infection is associated with compromised integrity of the genital mucosal barrier in women with Sh infection, and with genetic changes that could promote malignancy [149].