AR and Alzheimer disease: Further, the MID1 locus notably showed a significant female-biased association in addition to XCI escape, potentially indicating a hormone-related effect.3 Indeed, prior studies suggest a link between MID1 and androgen receptor levels.54,55 Altogether, these results suggest that X chromosome genetics likely play a role in AD sex differences and warrant further investigation, opening the door to sex-specific pathogenic pathways and associated drug targets.