In HCC, breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and colorectal cancer (CRC), HSF2 and HSF4 are frequently dysregulated,18, 38, 39, 40, 41 while HSF1 is highly expressed across all these cancers.42, 43. Here, HSF1 is linked to Familial prostate cancer.