The results of the present study demonstrated that the difference in the positive rates of ZnT8A, ICA, IA-2A and GADA between patients in the T1DM and the T2DM group was statistically significant (p < 0.05), suggesting that the pancreatic β-cells had undergone a strong autoimmune reaction, which had caused impaired insulin secretion from the β-cells, leading towards pancreatic β-cell failure, which was in line with the main characteristics of T1DM. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus.