Moreover, we demonstrated that GNPs conjugated to anti-programmed death ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1) antibody for immune checkpoint blockade prevented tumor growth with only a fifth of the standard dosage of clinical care, and also allowed prediction of therapeutic response.59 Thus, the integration of therapeutic antibodies, together with the diagnostic as well as radiosensitizing abilities of GNPs, creates theranostic nanoplatforms with potential for versatile and multifaceted applications in biomedicine. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.