Furthermore, treatment of macrophages with RNA transcription inhibitor actinomycin D (ActD, 5 μg/mL) did not affect the level of SLC16A1-AS1 in macrophages incubated with exosomes derived from HCC cells (Supplementary Fig. S2C), which confirmed that HCC cells exosomes did not regulate endogenous SLC1A1-AS1 transcription, but directly transferred SLC16A1-AS1 into macrophages. The gene discussed is PTGDR; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.