Various anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents have demonstrated significant benefits in combination with platinum-containing chemotherapy, and new-generation targeted therapies associated with FGFR3 alterations, tumor cell expression of nectin-4 and trophoblast surface antigen 2 (TROP2) have likewise been rapidly incorporated into clinical practice 4, 30, 31. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.