TF and breast carcinoma: A nested case-control study within EPIC-Heidelberg Study, including breast cancer (n=627), prostate cancer (n=554), and cancer deaths (n=759), reported that pre-diagnostic serum concentrations of ferritin were associated with a 30%-33% decreased risk of developing or dying from breast cancer, but serum iron, transferrin, or TSAT were not associated with risk of prostate cancer as well as cancer mortality (54).