Another novel strategy and treatment target for NAFLD identified by Zhu et al. [153] is thymosin beta 4 (Tβ4), which can exert a protective effect against NAFLD by inhibiting ferroptosis in PA-induced LO2 cells and HFD-induced rat hepatocytes through upregulation of GPX4 expression [153]. Here, TMSB4X is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.