In the low PAPP-A MoM ≤ 5th pc group, the proportion of SGA infants was higher compared to the > 5th pc group, in both the GDM group (5.7% vs. 2.4%, p < 0.001) and the control group (10.1% vs. 3.0%, p < 0.001) (Table 2). The gene discussed is PAPPA; the disease is gestational diabetes.