To understand whether PML5 is involved in ETI responses or in basal immunity, we did infections with Pst DC3000 expressing effectors that activate specific NLRs (RPM1, RPS5, ZAR1, and RPS4/RRS1) in Col-0 and the effector-depleted Pst DC3000 D36E strain (Debener et al, 1991; Lewis et al, 2010; Narusaka et al, 2009; Simonich and lnnes, 1995; Wei et al, 2015). The gene discussed is RRS1; the disease is infection.