TARDBP and neurodegenerative disease: TDP-43 is associated primarily with ALS and a subtype of FTD, and several studies have noted its presence in the brains of elderly individuals affected by various neurodegenerative diseases, including AD, PD, and ALS (Meneses et al, 2021; Van Deerlin et al, 2008; Yamashita et al, 2022).