TGFB1 and pemphigus foliaceus: Mechanistic results showed that TGF- β 1, Smad2, Smad3, and p38 were the targets of Geniposide, and the protective effect of Geniposide against PF was related to inhibition of the key signaling pathways including TGF-β/Smad and p38MAPK signaling pathways in the development of PF.